Drug development

The emergence of fluorescent quantitative PCR overcomes the problems of false positives and non quantification that commonly exist in traditional PCR technology, making PCR technology more widely used in drug development, evaluation and assessment of curative effects, and provides an objective technical basis for clinical theoretical research, treatment of diseases, and drug development. For example, in the development of new drugs, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology can quickly, accurately, quantitatively and sensitively determine the content of pathogens in blood or tissues. Therefore, it can be used to analyze the effect of drugs, and provide a rapid and effective evaluation for comparing the efficacy, dosage and duration of different formulations

Tumor gene detection

Although the pathogenesis of cancer is not yet clear, it is widely accepted that mutation of related genes is the root cause of carcinogenic transformation. The increase and mutation of oncogene expression can occur at the early stage of many tumors. Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR can not only effectively detect gene mutations, but also accurately detect the amount of oncogene expression, so it can be used for early diagnosis, classification, staging and prognosis judgment of tumors. By detecting tumor markers, fluorescent quantitative PCR technology is suitable for high-throughput detection of cancer. At present, this method can be used to detect the expression of telomerase hTERT gene, chronic myeloid leukemia WT1 gene, tumor ER gene, prostate cancer PSM gene, tumor related virus gene and other genes.

Clinical diagnosis of pathogens

Fluorescent quantitative PCR technology can be used in the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of a variety of clinical diseases. At present, there are many commercial test kits on the market, including qualitative or quantitative analysis of various types of hepatitis and hepatitis typing, AIDS, avian influenza, gonococci, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus, human immunodeficiency virus, influenza virus, mycobacterium tuberculosis, EB virus and other pathogens. Compared with traditional immunization or culture methods, FQ-PCR has the advantages of high sensitivity, good repeatability, less sampling, fast and simple.

Basic scientific research

In scientific research, fluorescent quantitative PCR technology has been widely used in biological, medical, agricultural and forestry related molecular biology research. Fluorescent quantitative PCR technology can be used to detect gene expression differences in different tissues, between different treatments (such as drug treatment, physical treatment and chemical treatment), and at different development stages, as well as for allele analysis, mRNA expression mode, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), methylation detection, and detection of RNAi gene inactivation rate. High resolution melting curve (HRM) can detect the microsequence differences of PCR fragments, and can be used in mutation scanning, sequence matching, genotyping and other aspects.

Food health quarantine

Whether food is safe in daily life and whether imported and exported food and grains contain dangerous or potentially dangerous ingredients can be quickly detected by fluorescent PCR technology, such as food borne microorganisms, food allergens, genetically modified food, dairy products, etc. In the process of food fermentation, the fluorescence quantitative PCR technology can directly analyze the microbial population in the fermentation products without bacterial culture. There are nearly ten thousand kinds of food produced and processed by transgenic crops all over the world. Fluorescent quantitative PCR is a common method to detect the content of transgenic ingredients at home and abroad. At present, fluorescent quantitative PCR has been commonly used to detect the following animal diseases: avian influenza, Newcastle disease, foot and mouth disease, swine fever, salmonella, Escherichia coli, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, parasitic diseases, Bacillus anthracis, etc.

Prenatal diagnosis and eugenics

In the first trimester of pregnancy (1-3 months), the infection of some pathogenic microorganisms is easy to cause fetal malformation. The common pathogens are toxoplasma (TOX), rubella virus (RV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and giant cells (HCMV). Fluorescent quantitative PCR can be used for rapid diagnosis of the above pathogens.
Prenatal monitoring can prevent the occurrence of various genetic diseases. In the past, chromosome analysis was mainly used for the detection of genetic diseases, while the vast majority of clinical genetic diseases were genetic diseases rather than chromosomal diseases, which could not be detected by chromosome analysis. Fluorescent quantitative PCR is very suitable for the diagnosis of such diseases. At present, it has been used to detect such diseases as thalassemia, phenylketonuria, hemophilia, sexual dysplasia, mental retardation syndrome Fetal malformations and other eugenic programs.